The trucks, which which were tested in Australia, could help speed up roadworks and improve journeys for drivers up and down the country and reduce the time of construction.
A joint venture comprising Balfour Beatty, Skanska and Costain is delivering the Highways England scheme.
One autonomous dump truck is now being trialled in a controlled environment on the project. The truck is programmed remotely to follow a pre-determined route and has the capability to detect and avoid obstacles and other vehicles along the route as it drives.
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The dump truck, which will move huge amounts of earth, provides the potential to work around the clock, so could help reduce the length of time roadworks are on the ground. With the projects focus on safety, the trucks also reduce the risk of road workers being involved in incidents on site.
Julian Lamb, Highways England Deputy Project Director, said: "We're increasingly looking to technological advances to help us safely bring improvements to drivers on England's motorways and major A roads.
"Road construction has changed massively over the years and the testing of trucks such as these promises to allow us to work efficiently, speeding up roadworks, giving more protection to road workers, and moving jobs to other skilled areas.
"The trial we are leading with our partner CA Blackwell will enable the construction industry as a whole to be in a more informed position to make key decisions about autonomy on UK construction sites."
If successful, the technology will be adopted on UK construction sites with full roll-out expected in the following years.
(CM/MH)
